审视近现代日本与中国的历史学与现代性
History, Identity and the Future in Modern East Asia:
Interrogating history and modernity in Japan and China
主办：复旦大学文史研究院
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（Fudan University, National Institute for Advanced Humanistic Studies）
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荷兰莱顿大学东亚研究中心
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（Leiden University, Modern East Asia Research Centre）
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日本东京大学哲学研究中心
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（Tokyo University, Centre for Philosophy）
日期：2009年12月14-16日
地点：复旦大学光华楼
会议宗旨 Conference outline
With the end of the cold war, expectations in the West ran high that globalization would lead to a united world under the umbrella of a universal modernity of Western origins. However, these expectations have not materialized. Although a market economy of some sort is dominant on a global scale, cultural and political developments have moved in the opposite direction. Elites all over the world increasingly doubt Eurocentric notions of cultural and political modernity and re-emphasize their own historical heritage. This revival of interest in the past is paralleled by elite and popular movements emphasizing various types of particular collectives, concerned with national identity, ethnicity and indigenous traditions.
This bifurcation of globalization into a universal economic system on the one hand and an emphasis on particular historical traditions on the other finds its parallel in academic debates on modernity. Post-modernists have identified several targets in their long-standing attack on universal Western modernity, including: the dominance of the nation-state; the strict teleology of a Hegelian view of history; the Orientalist attitude towards other cultures; and the emphasis on the novelty of the modern age and the break with tradition it represents.
In recent years even theoreticians of modernization have introduced new concepts such as the notion of multiple modernities in order to cope with the apparent end of Eurocentrism. They increasingly allow historical and cultural factors to play a greater role in their theories of modernization processes, while still trying to subsume particular phenomena under a core of modernity identified as a set of structural, institutional, and cultural arrangements. Similarly, attempts to create a plausible way of conceptualising global history are a response on the part of ‘world historians’ to the perceived Eurocentrism driving ‘world history’ in the modern era.
This conference is located within this bigger context of a paradigm shift in academic research on the modern era and the nature of modernity. It will address an essential factor in the intellectual and political life of modern China and Japan: the revival of interest in history and tradition, and its impact on the creation of collective identities. In the distinctive forms of conservatism and revisionism, reflections on tradition and the role of history have become essential ingredients in the intellectual and political processes of reflecting on modernity, of shaping legitimacy and collective identity with considerable consequences for the future of both countries.
The conference will address how these issues have been manifested in three spheres: the political, the scholarly/academic and philosophical.
History, politics and national self-assertion
In the wake of economic success first in Japan and then later in Korea and China public intellectuals and politicians increasingly questioned the dominant Western modernization paradigm. In the 1990s in both Japan and China, history has been reinterpreted and traditions have been reevaluated with the aim to establish a redefined national identity and to provide a new foundation for political legitimacy. Closely intertwined with the decline of established structures of political economy and a rapidly changing international environment after the end of the cold war, these reinterpretations found their way into public media and the educational system.
The writing of history: modernity, cultural continuity and national identity
Closely linked to these developments, yet going beyond them are changes in the way history and tradition are being researched and conceptualized in academe. On the level of interpretations of history long dominant master narratives have been questioned and discarded with historians now in search of new narratives that reinterpret the nation’s culture, history and political traditions. On a meta-level where history has functioned as a form of discourse that characterizes contemporary Western academe we find that Western modernity has been challenged by the rise of new media and – in the case of China – by the rise of the market. Scholars no longer uncritically accept Western forms of researching history and attempt to link back to indigenous historiographical traditions for inspiration. Even Western scholars have struggled to address the narratives of power that emanate from the act of conceptualizing history, thereby betraying their premise that not only modernity, but history itself, is so imbued with a Eurocentric impetus that it is irredeemable. New modes of addressing the past, and concurrently, of conceptualising modernity, have thereby become the underlying concern of contemporary scholarship on the past in East Asia.
History, subjectivity and the human condition
This reconsideration of history as a form of discourse is again intimately related to philosophical developments in 20th century East Asia. The challenge that history (becoming) has posed to philosophical reflections on the human condition (being) since the late 18th century has been at the heart of important philosophical developments in the West. These developments – from the philosophy of life, via existentialism to post-modern philosophy – still shape contemporary discourse on the nature of modernity. In China and Japan this challenge posed by history has been addressed in different ways during the 20th century against the foil of specific East Asian traditions of thinking about time, history and the human condition. In this context Chinese and Japanese traditions have contributed to some of the most stimulating and fruitful dialogues with Western philosophy and have posed serious challenges to a Western understanding of modernity, that today has become more important than ever.
会议日程
2009年12月14日 下午
光华楼东辅楼102报告厅
15:00 【开幕式】 主持人：杨志刚
主办方代表致辞、参会代表合影
15:30 【主旨报告一】 主持人：施耐德
Stefan Tanaka：东亚：时间与历史的界定
16:15 评论：酒井直树、吴展良、Rikki Kersten
16:30 讨论（30分钟）
2009年12月15日 上午
光华楼西主楼2801
9:00 【第一场：现代性与哲学：跨越国界的思考（A）】主持人：艾尔曼
酒井直树：国体：“牧领”和民族自觉
中岛隆博：内藤湖南治史：如何摆脱对“统”的追求
Christian Uhl: 福泽谕吉和宫崎滔天自传里的现代性与历史
10:00 讨论（30分钟）
10:30 茶歇
10:45 【第二场： 现代性与知识转型】 主持人：朱维铮
艾尔曼：“赛先生”为什么中文叫作科学?——挽救中国历史上的格致学
石井刚：“言”和“文”的真理表述：章太炎的语言实践，或者哲学话语方式
李孝迁：魏特夫与近代中国学术界
11:45 讨论（30分钟）
2009年12月15日 下午
光华楼西主楼2801
14:00 【第三场：现代性与历史（A）】 主持人：Rikki Kersten
刘龙心：从六经皆史走向四部皆史──论中国史学的现代追求
章 清：“历史的意义”：基于晚清科举改制的检讨
罗志田：清季民初经学与史学易位补论
15:00 讨论（30分钟）
15:30 茶歇
15:45 【第四场：现代性与哲学：跨越国界的思考（B）】主持人：章清
彭国翔：典范与方法：侯外庐与作为现代学科的“中国哲学史”研究
桑 兵：概念与事物：近代“中国哲学”发源
何乏笔：文化民族主义与东亚现代性：寻找当代儒学中的跨文化思想
16:45 讨论（30分钟）
2009年12月16日 上午
光华楼西主楼2801
9:00 【主旨报告二】 主持人：酒井直树
魏格林：重新想象中国农民：以大跃进的历史叙述为中心
9:45 评论：小林康夫、彭国翔、何乏笔
10:00 讨论（30分钟）
10:30 茶歇
10:45 【第五场：战后现代性讨论】 主持人：小林康夫
孙 歌：日本战后民众史研究中的“现代性”问题
Els van Dongen：重写中国近代史：二十世纪九十年代早期对现代性的回应
Rikki Kersten：历史创伤、知识分子政治转向与主体一致性——吉本隆明的“1945年情结”
11:45 讨论（30分钟）
2009年12月16日 下午
光华楼西主楼2801
14:00 【第六场： 现代性与国家：边界的重绘】 主持人： 罗志田
孙英刚：构建“中世纪”：西方学术话语与东方史学脉络
U. Matthias Zachmann：东亚的未来（1937-1945）：“大东亚”概念对中日关系的重新审视
葛兆光：边关何处？——十九二十世纪之交“满蒙回藏鲜”学的兴起及其背景
15:00 讨论（30分钟）
15:30 茶歇
15:45 【第七场：现代性与历史（B）】 主持人：葛兆光
慕唯仁：章太炎的唯识佛教平等观：以明治佛教哲学为背景
吴展良：晚清思想的“生元主义”与反启蒙倾向
施耐德：对现代性的批判：民国史学话语的规范和发展
王汎森：关于王国维的“道德团体”论
16:45 综合讨论（45分钟）
2009-12-08